Open Access Research
The impact of human albumin on the activity of some anti-staphylococcal agents in an in vitro pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics model
Safa Jihad1,2,
, Rafal J. Al-Saigh3, Hussam W. Al-Humadi4
1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
2Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
3Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
4College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
*Corresponding author:
Safa Jihad, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Babylon, Hillah, Iraq
Tel.: +964-(0)7804368406
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Published: 5 May 2024; https://doi.org/10.61873/ILCP1133
Abstract
The emergence of anti-staphylococcal drug resistance has significantly increased, thereby making it difficult to control the life-threatening staphylococcal infections. A validated two-compartment in vitro pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) model has been used in order to estimate the efficacies of some anti-staphylococcal drugs – namely, vancomycin (maximum concentration or Cmax of 3 and 5 mg/L), teicoplanin (Cmax of 5 and 10 mg/L), and minocycline (Cmax of 2 and 4 mg/L) – against a mixed staphylococcal infection (S. aureus ATCC 25923 and S. epidermidis ATCC 12228), with or without human albumin (2%). The PK profile for each drug was simulated as time-concentration depending on the drug’s half-life. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), the relative optical density for bacterial growth, and the exposure / effect relationship (fAUC0-24/MIC) have also been assessed in this study. Our results revealed that minocycline has the best efficacy over other antibiotics against the assessed isolates (single or mixed). Moreover, the addition of albumin exhibited a negative effect on vancomycin and a positive effect on teicoplanin in both the single and the mixed infections. In conclusion, albumin drew a different antibiotic scenario in response to different pathogens.
Keywords: anti-staphylococcal drugs, mixed staphylococcal infection, in vitro model, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics
Please cite as:
Jihad S., Al-Saigh R.J., Al-Humadi H.W. The impact of human albumin on the activity of some anti-staphylococcal agents in an in vitro pharmacokinetics / pharmacodynamics model. Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. Pharmacokinet. Int. Ed. 38(Sup2): 129-132 (2024). https://doi.org/10.61873/ILCP1133