Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics – International Edition Volume 38 (2024) – Supplementary Issue 2

Open Access Research

Published: 5 May 2024; https://doi.org/10.61873/XRSQ1725

Abstract
A total of 164 food samples were collected from various supermarkets and farmers in various areas of Babylon, were placed in plastic containers, and were transported to the laboratory. The isolation of Bacillus species was performed by culture in blood agar, chromogenic agar, and the absence of growth on McConkey agar, by staining with Gram stain, and through molecular identification of the species’ 16SrRNA gene and sequencing. The antibiotic susceptibility test used eight types of antibiotics. The undertaken sequencing identified the Bacillus isolates to belong to the following species: B. subtilis (2), B. cereus (6), B. thuringiensis (1), B. anthracis (1), and B. spizizenii (1). The susceptibility test of the six B. cereus isolates revealed that 5 (83.3%), 4 (66.6%), 3 (50%), 2 (33.3%), 2 (33.3%), 2 (33.3%), 1 (16.6%), and 0 (0%) were resistant to rifampicin, clindamycin, erythromycin, tetracycline, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin, while the respective resistance numbers for the two isolates of B. subtiliswere 2 (100%), 2 (100%), 2 (100%), 0 (0%), 1 (50%), 0 (0%), 0 (0%), and 0 (0%). One isolate of B. thuringiensis presented resistance to erythromycin, erythromycin, trimethoprim, and rifampicin, while one isolate of B. anthracis was found to be resistant to gentamicin, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, and rifampicin. The B. spizizenii isolate was resistant to all antibiotics except gentamicin and trimethoprim.

Keywords: Bacillus spp., antibiotics, sequencing, foodstuff; antibiotic resistance

Please cite as:
Aladeli H.A.A., Althahab A.O., Jabuk S.I.A. Antibiotic resistance of Bacillus species isolated in foodstuff samples that were collected in Babylon (Iraq). Rev. Clin. Pharmacol. Pharmacokinet. Int. Ed. 38(Sup2): 55-58 (2024). https://doi.org/10.61873/XRSQ1725