Title | β-lactamins: pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics | |
Author | Charalambos T. Plessas¹ and Stavros T. Plessas²
1. Professor of Physiology, University of Athens and Technological Educational Institution (T.E.I) of Athens 2. Editor-in-Chief of Journals “Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes” – Greek Edition and “Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics” – International Edition |
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Citation | Plessas, C.T. and Plessas, T.: β-Lactamins: Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 1(2): 75-92 (1987) | |
Publication Date | 1987-10 | |
Full Text Language | English | |
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Keywords | β-Lactamins, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics. | |
Other Terms | review article | |
Summary | β-Lactamins, common denomination of penicillins, cephalosporins, clavams, 1-oxacephems, 1-carbapenems, nocardicins, monobactams and some other products, are characterised by the presence in their molecule of an β-lactam ring fused, or not to another ring. Their biological activity is directly related to an intact β-lactam ring, while the side chains primarly determine antibacterial spectrum, sensitivity to β-lactamases and pharmacokinetic properties. These antibiotics have a general similarity in their mechanism of action; they interfere in the synthesis of the cell wall of sensitive bacteria by inhibiting peptidoglycan production, and this may lead to bacteriolysis. The antibacterial spectrum of β-lactamins reflects mainly their stabilities to β-lactamase-bacterial enzymes which inactivate these antibiotics by breaking their β-lactam ring. β-Lactamins have a half-life less than 2 hours (some exceptions: cefotetan 3-4 h; ceftriaxone 7 h; cefonicid 4-5 h), a volume of distribution 10-20 L, and they are eliminated mainly unchanged in the urine. | |
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