Title | The aetiology of Grave’s disease: what is the genetic contribution? | |
Authors | George Philippou and Alan M. McGregor
Department of Medicine, King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, Bessemer Road, London SE5 89PJ, UK |
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Citation | Philippou, G., McGregor, A.M.: The aetiology of Grave’s disease: what is the genetic contribution?, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 14(1): 15-18 (2000) | |
Publication Date | Received for publication: 6 December 1999
Accepted for publication: 10 December 1999 |
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Full Text Language | English | |
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Keywords | Grave’s disease, aetiology, genetic contribution. | |
Other Terms | review article | |
Summary | – | |
References | 1. Wetman A.P., McGregor A.M.: Autoimmune thyroid disease: further developments in our understanding. Endocr. Rev. 15: 788-830 (1994)
2. Hawkes C.H.; Twin studies in medicine-what do they tell us? Quartely J. Med. 90: 311-321 (1997) 3. Brix T.H., Christensen K., Holm N.V., Harvald B., Hegedus L.: A population based study of Graves’ disease in Danish twins, Clin. Endocrinol. (1998) 4. Ratanachaiyavong S., Lloyd L., Darke C., McGregor A.M.: MHC-extended haplotypes in families of patients with Graves’ disease. Hum. Immunol. 36: 99-111 (1993) 5. Yanagawa T., Mangklabruks A., De Groot L.J.: Strong association between HLA-DQA1*0501 and Graves’ disease in a male Caucasian population. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 79: 227-229 (1994) 6. Cuddihy R.M., Bahn R.S.: Lack of an independent association between the human leukocyte antigen allele DGAr0501 and Graves’ disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 847-849 (1996) 7. Barlow A.B.T., Wheatcroft N., Watson P., Weetman A.P.: Association of HLA-DQA1*0501 with Graves’ disease in English Caucasian men and women. Clin. Endocrinol. 44: 73-77(1996) 8. Blakemore A.I.F., Watson P.F., Weetman A.P. et al.: Association of Graves’ disease with an allele of the lnter-leukin-1 receptor antagonist gene. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 80: 111-115 (1995) 9. Davies T.F., Martin. A, Conception E.S., Graves P., Cohen l., Ben-Nun A.: Evidence of limited variability of antigen receptors on intrathyroidal T cells in autoimmune thyroid disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 325: 238-244 (1991) 10. Davies T.F., Martin A., Conception E.S., Graves P., Lahat N., Cohen W.L., Ben-Nun A.: (1992). Evidence for selective accumulation of intrathyroidal T lymphocytes in human autoimmune thyroid disease based on T cell receptor V gene usage. J. Clin. Invest. 89: 157-162 (1992) 11. McIntosh R.S., Tandon N., Pickerill A.P., Davies R., Barnett D., Weetman A.P.: IL-2 receptor-positive intrathyroidal lymphocytes in Graves’ disease: Analysis of Va transcript microheterogeneity. J. Immunol. 91: 3884-3893 (1993) 12. Caso-Pelaez E., McGregor A.M., Banga J.P.: A polyclonal T cell receptoire of V-alpha and V-beta T cell receptor gene families in intrathyroidal T lymphocytes of Graves’ disease patients, Scand. J. Immunol. 41: 141-147 (1995) 13. Reiser H., Stadecker M.J.: Co-stimulatory B7 molecules in the pathogenesis of infectious and autoimmune diseases. N. Engl. J. Med. 335: 1369-1377 (1996) 14. Yanagawa T., Hidaka Y., Guimaraes V., Soliman M., De Groot L.J.: CTLA-4 gene polymorphism associated with Graves’ disease in a Caucasian population. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 89: 41-45 (1995) 15. Donner H., Rau H., Walfish P.G., Braun J., Siegmund T., Finke R., Herwig J., Usadel K.H., Badenhoop K.: CTLA-4 alanine-17 confers genetic susceptibility to Graves’ disease and to type 1 diabetes mellitus. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82: 143-146 (1997) 16. Kotsa K., Watson P.F., Weetman A.P.: A CTLA-4 poly-morphism is associated with both Graves’ disease and autoimmune hypothyroidism. Clin. Endocrinol. 46: 551-554 (1997) 17. Roman S.H., Greenberg D., Rubinstein P., Wallenstein S., Davies T.F.: Genetics of autoimmune thyroid disease: lack of evidence for linkage to HLA within families. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 74: 496-503 (1992) 18. Shields D.C., Ratanachaiyavong S., McGregor A.M., Collins A., Morton N.E.: Combined segregation and linkage analysis of Graves’ disease with a thyroid autoantibody diathesis. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 55: 540-554 (1994) 19. De Roux N.t Shields D.C., Misrahi M., Ratanachaiyavong S., McGregor A.M., Milgrom E.: Analysis of the thyrotropin receptor as a candidate gene in familial Graves’ disease. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 81: 3483-3486 (1996) 20. Tomer Y., Barbesino G., Keddache M., Greenberg D.A., Davies T.F.: Mapping a major susceptibility locus for Graves’ disease (GD-1) to chromosome 14q31. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 82: 1645-1648 (1997) |
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