Τόμος 14 (2000) – Τεύχος 2 – Άρθρο 1 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Διεθνής Έκδοση – Volume 14 (2000) – Issue 2 – Article 1 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-International Edition

Title Alcohol and the central nervous system
Authors Stavros Zanos, Thomas A. Mavracanas, Stefanos Bolomitis, Constantinos Miltsios, Achilleas Mandalos and Maria Mironidou-Tzouveleki

Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece

Citation Zanos, S., Mavracanas, T.A., Bolomitis, S., Miltsios, C., Mandalos, A. et al.: In vitro model for evaluation of medicines phototoxic activity, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 14(2): 53-78 (2000)
Publication Date Received for publication: 28 February 2000

Accepted for publication: 15 March 2000

Full Text Language English
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Keywords Alcohol, CNS, neurotransmitter systems, pharmacology, neurodegeneration.
Other Terms review article
Summary This review discusses the main actions and effects of alcohol on the central nervous system (CNS). The Epidemiology of alcohol consumption is presented, as well as alcohol’s Pharmakokinetics and Metabolism. The molecular and cellular actions of alcohol on central neurons are also discussed, with a focus on its effects on the different neurotransmitter systems. Neurobiological models that attempt to explain behavioral phenomena such as intoxication, tolerance, withdrawal seizures and dependence to alcohol are described. In addition, the varied pharmacological means of therapeutic intervention are reviewed. Finally, the neurodegenerative disorders in chronic alcoholics are presented, as well as their prevention and treatment.
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