Title | Can β-endorphin affect the oxytocin secretion of the brain: a literature review | ||
Author | Panagiota Iliadi
Midwifery Department, Faculty of Health Professions, Athens Technological Educational Institution (TEI), Greece |
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Citation | Iliadi, P.: Can β-endorphin affect the oxytocin secretion of the brain? Α literature review, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 22(1): 53-60 (2008) | ||
Publication Date | Accepted for publication (Final verson): April 1, 2008 | ||
Full Text Language | English | ||
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Keywords | β-Endorphin, oxytocin, labour, parturition. | ||
Other Terms | Review article | ||
Summary | This paper examines whether β-endorphin can restrict or inhibit the oxytocin secretion from the brain during labour and consequently affect the uterine contractions. β-Endorphin belongs to the family of endorphins of endogenous opioids and is synthesized in the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland, the placenta, the testis, the corpus luteum, the ovary, the epithelial cells of reproductive tract and the endometrium. The concentration of β-endorphin in the maternal plasma increases slowly through the different stages of labour, rises to the highest level in the last stage and drops 24 to 38 hours after delivery. The fetal concentration of β-endorphin is also affected by the mode of delivery and increases in cases of fetal distress. During parturition, studies have shown that β-endorphin regulates the electrical activity of oxytocin neurons by binding to μ– and δ-receptors in the supraoptic and paraventricular nucleus and by direct connections to oxytocin neurons. Therefore, β-endorphin can reduce or even inhibit the oxytocin secretion from the neural lobe of hypophysis and consequently affect the myometrium activity. So, pain relief can be achieved by increasing β-endorphin levels in the hypothalamus. Its secretion is stimulated by exercise during pregnancy and labour, acupuncture and electroacupuncture, and possibly aromatotherapy and meditation. | ||
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