Τόμος 29 (2015) – Τεύχος 1 – Άρθρο 4 – Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics- Διεθνής Έκδοση – Volume 29 (2015) – Issue 1 – Article 4 – Review of Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics – International Edition

By | | C. Lionis, I. L. Aivaliotis, M. Chatziarsenis, P. Bitsios, V. Dafermos, V. Sapouna, Άρθρο επισκόπησης - Review Article, Βικτωρία Βιβιλάκη - Victoria Vivilaki, Πλήρες Κείμενο στα Αγγλικά - Full Text in English
Title

Exploring the Burden of the Family Caregivers of Patients with Major Mental Disorders in Greece
Author V. Sapouna1, V. Dafermos2, V. Vivilaki3, M. Chatziarsenis4, I. L. Aivaliotis5, P. Bitsios6, C. Lionis1
Affilations 1Clinic of Social and Family Medicine, Department of Social Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion, Hellas 2Department of Political Sciences, University of Crete, Rethymno, Hellas, 3Department of Midwifery, TEI, Athens, Hellas, 4Health Center of Elefsina, Thriassion General Hospital of Elefsina, Hellas,5Health Center of Megara, Thriassion General Hospital of Elefsina, Hellas, 6Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, University of Crete, Heraklion, Hellas 
Citation Sapouna V., Dafermos V., Vivilaki V., Chatziarsenis M., Aivaliotis I.L., Bitsios P., Lionis C. : Exploring the Burden of the Family Caregivers of Patients with Major Mental Disorders in Greece, Review Clin. Pharmakol. Pharmakokinet. Int. Ed. 29(1): 25-35 (2015)
Publication Date Accepted for publication (Final Version): March 30, 2015
Full Text Language English
Order – Buy  Ηλεκτρονική Μορφή: pdf (15 €) – Digital Type: pdf (15€) 
pharmakonpress[at]pharmakonpress[.]gr
Keywords Burden, caregiver consequences, family caregiver, major mental disorders, Greece
Other Terms review article
Summary Aim: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the burden of the family caregivers of `patients with major mental disorders and the factors that affect caregiver burden in Crete, Greece. Methods: A total of 140 primary family caregivers were investigated using the Greek version of the Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire-European Version (IEQ-EU), to measure caregivers’ consequences and the care-givers’ health condition. The Antonovsky’s sense of coherence (SOC) scale also used to measure personal capability of the caregivers. Scale scores were calculated and relationship between the results were explored. One-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation were used to analyze the relationship between demographic factors and caregiver burden. Multiple regression was used to analyze predictors of burden of caregivers. Results: The majority of the family caregivers were female (77%). The caregiver burden scores (mean=36.27, SD=15.98) indicated a moderate burden level. Among the four domain of burden, worrying (mean=14.29, SD=6.02) and urging (mean=12.82, SD=7.37) scored the highest. Majority of family caregivers worried about their patient’s future (mean=4.17, SD=1.25), financial status (mean=3.85, SD=1.44) and general health (mean=3.83, SD=1.49). Higher burden seems to be associated with the family caregiver’s gender, the condition of being a parent  and financial  expenditure. GHQ-12 score (P<0.01), and the SOC score of the family caregivers (P<0.01) were significantly associated with the caregiver burden scores. Conclusions: Assesment of status of the family caregiver of major mental disorders patients seems to be gaining considererable importance. The results underscore that the involvement evaluation questionnaire and the sense of coherence scale seem to be highly useful for identifying caregivers at risk of stress, their pattern of burden and coping strategies.
References
  1. World Federation on Mental Health (WFMH): Caring for the caregiver: Why your mental health matters when you are caring for others. Woodbridge VA: WFMH 2010.
  2. World Health Organization (WHO): Living with Schizophrenia 2010. Retrieved on 29 August 2014, http://www.who.int/mental_health/world…health-day/paper_wfmh.pdf.
  3. Schene A.H., van Wijngaarden B., Koeter M.W.J.: Family caregiving in schizophrenia: domains and distress. Schizophr. Bull. 24: 609-618 (1998)
  4. van Wijngaarden B., Schene A.H., Koeter M.: Family caregiving in depression: impact on caregivers’ daily life, distress, and help seeking. J. Affect. Disord. 81: 211-222 (2004)
  5. van Wijngaarden B., Schene A., Koeter M., Becker T., Knapp M., Knudsen H., Tansella M., Thornicroft G., Vazquez’Barquero J., Lasalvia A., Leese M., and the EPSILON study group: People with schizophrenia in five Countries: Conceptual similarities and intercultural differences in family caregiving. Schizophr. Bull. 29: 3 (2003)
  6. van Wijngaarden B., Koeter M.,  Knapp M., Tansella M., Thornicroft G., Va´zquez-Barquero J.-L., Schene A.H.: Caring for people with depression or with schizophrenia: Are the consequences different? Psychiatry Res. 169(1): 62-69 (2009)
  7. van Wijngaarden B., Schene A.H.: Cross-National Research: Caregiver Consequences. Psychiatric Times 21: 5 (2004) Available: http://www.psychiatrictimes.com
  8. Becker T., knapp M., Knudsen H.C., Schene A., Tansella M., Thornicroft G., Jázquez-barquero.: The EPSILON Study – a study of care for people with schizophrenia in five European centres. World Psychiatry 1(1): 45-47 (2002)
  9. Wai-chi Chan S.: Global perspective of burden of family caregivers for person with schizophrenia. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 25: 339-349 (2011)
  10. 10. Chen W., Lukens E.: Well being, depressive symptoms, and burden among parent and sibling caregivers of persons with severe and persistent mental illness. Social Work in Mental Health 9: 397-416 (2011)
  11. Wing Kay Tang V., Leung S.K., Chiu-Wa Lam L.: Clinical correlates of the caregiving experience for Chinese caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiol. 43(9): 720-726 (2008)
  12. Hadrys T., Adamowski T., Kiejna A.: Mental disorder in Polish families: is diagnosis a predictor of caregiver’s burden? Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiol. 46: 363-372 (2011)
  13. Zahid M., Ohaeri J.: Clinical and psychosocial factors associated with needs for care: an Arab experience with a sampppllle of trestrd community-dwelling persons with schizophrenia. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatric Epidemiol. 45(2): 313-323 (2013)
  14. Kate N., Grover S., Kulhara P., Nehra R.: Caregiving appraisal in schizophrenia: A study from India. Soc. Sci. Med. 98: 135-140 (2013)
  15. McNeil S.: Understanding family-centrered care in the mental health system:Perspectives from family members caring for relatives with mental health issues. Social Work in Mental Health 11: 55-74 (2013)
  16. Eriksson M., Lindström B.: Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and the relation with health: a systematic review. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 60(5): 376-381 (2006)
  17. Eriksson M., Lindström B.: Antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and its relation with quality of life: a systematic review. J. Epidemiol. Community Health 61(11): 938-944 (2007)
  18. Andren S., Elmstahl S.: Family and carer experience: The relationship between caregiver burden, caregivers’ perceived health and their sense of coherence in caring for elders with dementia. J. Clin. Nurs. 17: 790-799 (2008)
  19. Lustig D.: The Impact of Sense of Coherence on Career Thoughts for Individuals With Disabilities. Rehabilation Counseling Bulletin 51:139-147 (2008)
  20. Faresjo T., Karalis I., Prinsback E., Kroon K., Lionis C.: Sense of coherence in Crete and Sweden: key findings and messages from a comparative study. Eur. J. Gen. Pract. 15: 95-98 (2009)
  21. Antonovsky A.: The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion. Health Promotion International, Oxford University Press 11(1): 11-18 (1996)
  22. American Psychological Association (APA).What do family caregiver do? Retrieved on 29 August2014,. http://www.apa.org/pi/about/publications/caregivers/faq/family.aspx.
  23. National Alliance for Caregiving (2009). Caregiving in the U.S.: Companion Report of those caring for Children with Special Needs. Retrieved November2,2010, from http://www.caregiving.org/data/Report_Caregivers_of_Children_11-12-09.pdf.
  24. Lionis C., Symvoulakis E., Markaki A., Vardavas C., Papadakaki M., Danilidou N., Souliotis K., Kyriopoulos I.: Special series: Integrated primary health care: Integrated primary health care in Greece, a missing issue in the current health policy agenda: a systematic review. Int. J. Integr. Care 9: e88 (2009)
  25. Schene A.H., van Wijngaarden B., Koeter M.W.J.: Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire-European Version. Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2001.
  26. Schene A.H, van Wijngaarden B., Koeter M.W.J.: Involvement Evaluation Questionnaire. Department of Psychiatry, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, Doc: IEQ-INFO-2002-1 (19-06-02).
  27. Sapouna V., Dafermos V., Chatziarsenis M., Vivilaki V., Bitsios P., Schene A., Lionis C.: Assessing the burden of caregivers of patients with mental disorders: translating and validating the involvement evaluation questionnaire into Greek. Ann. Gen. Psychiatry 12: 3 (2013)
  28. Karalis I., Langius A., Tsirogianni M., Faresjö T., Nettelbladt P., Lionis C.: The translation-validation of the sense of coherence scale into Greek and its use in primary health care. Arch. Hellen. Med. 21(2): 195-203 (2004)
  29. Cleary M., Freeman A., Hunt G.E., Walter G.: Patient and carer perceptions of need and associations with care-giving burden in an integrated adult mental health service. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 41(3): 208-214 (2006)
  30. Magliano L., Fadden G., Madianos M., de Almeida J.M.,Held T., Guarneri M., Marasco C., Tosini P., Maj M.: Burden on the families of patients with schizophrenia: results of the BIOMED I study. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 33: 405-412 (1998)
  31. McCrone. P., Leese M., Thornicroft G., Schene A,Knudsen H.C., Vázquez-Barquero J.L., Tansella M., Becker T.: A comparison of needs of patients with schizophrenia in five European countries: the EPSILON Study. Acta Psychiatr. Scand. 103: 370-379 (2001)
  32. Madianos M., Economou M., Dafni O., Koukia E., Palli A., Rogakou E.: Family disruption, economic hardship and psychological distress in schizophrenia: can they be measured? Eur. Psychiatry 19: 408-414 (2004)
  33. Koutra K., Triliva S., Roumeliotaki T., Lionis C., Vgontzas A.: Identifying the socio-demographic and clinical determinants of family functioning in Greek patients with psychosis. Int. J. Soc. Psychiatry: 1-14 (2014)
  34. Magne-Ingvar U., Ojehagen A.: Significant others of persons with mental health problems: the testing of a questionnaire on the burden of significant others. Nord. J. Psychiatry 59(6): 441-447 (2005)
  35. Page A., Hooke G., O’Brien N., de Felice N.: Assessment of distress and burden in Australian private psychiatric inpatients. Australas Psychiatry 14(3): 285-290 (2006)
  36. Rose L.E., Mallinson R.K., Gerson L.D.: Mastery, burden, and areas of concern among family caregivers of mentally ill persons. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 20(1): 41-45 (2006)
  37. Cleary M., Freeman A., Hunt G.E., Walter G.: Patient and carer perceptions of need and associations with care-giving burden in an integrated adult mental health service. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 41(3): 208-214 (2006)
  38. Thornicroft G., Tansella M.: Growing recognition of the importance of service user involvement in mental health service planning and evaluation. Epidemiol. Psychiatr. Soc. 14: 1-3 (2005)
  39. Karastergiou A., Mastrogianni A., Georgiadou E., Kotrotsios S., Mauratziotou K.: The reform of the Greek mental health services. Journal of Mental Health 14(2): 197-203 (2005)
  40. Madianos M., Economou M., Alexiou T., Stefanis C.: Depression and economic hardship across Greece in 2008 and 2009: two cross-sectional surveys nationwide. Soc. Psychiatry Psychiatr. Epidemiol. 46: 943-952 (2011)
  41. Economou M., Madianos M., Theleristis C., Peppou L., Stefanis C.: Increased suicidality amid economic crisis in Greece. Lancet 378: 1459 (2011)
  42. Stylianidis S.F., Pantelidou S.M., Chondros  P.C. : Evaluation of the rehabilitation process in Greek Community Residential homes: resettlement from Greek Psychiatric Hospitals. International Journal of Psychosocial Rehabilitation 13: 31-38 (2008)
  43. Zahid M., Ohaeri J.: Relationship of family caregiver burden with quality of care and psychopathology in a sample of Arab subjects with schizophrenia. BMC Psychiatry 10: 71 (2010)
  44. Lasebikan V., Ayinde O.: Family Burden in Caregivers of Schizophrenia Patients: Prevalence and Socio-demographic Correlates. Indian J. Psychol. Med. 35(1): 60-66 (2013)
  45. Jungbauer J., Wittmund B., Dietrich S., Angermeyer M.C.: The disregarded caregivers: subjective burden in spouses of schizophrenia patients. Schizophr. Bull. 30(3): 665-675 (2004)
  46. Georgas J., Berry W.J., van de Vijver F., Kagitcibasi C., Poortinga Y.and Families Across Cultures: A 30-nation psychological study. Cambridge University Press, 2006.
  47. Reinhard S., Given B., Petlick N., Bemis A. (Eds): Chapter 14: Supporting Family Caregivers in Providing Care. Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. Edited by Ronda G Hughes. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (US), 2008
  48. Lewis L.: Discussion and recommendations: nurses and social workers supporting family caregivers. Journal of Social Work Education, 44(3): (Fall 2008); Supplement (2008)
  49. NASW Standards for Social Work Practice in Health Care Setting. National Association of Social Workers, 2005. http://www.socialworkers.org/practice /standards / naswhealthcarestandards.pdf
  50. Larsson G., Kallenberg K.: Salutogenesis. Scan. J. Public. Health 36: 337-339 (2008)
  51. Mizuno E., Iwasaki M., Sakai I., Kamizawa N.: Sense of coherence and quality of life in family caregivers of persons with schizophrenia living in the community. Arch. Psychiatr. Nurs. 26(4): 295-306 (2012)
  52. Andrén S., Elmståhl S.: The relationship between caregiver burden, caregivers’ perceived health and their sense of coherence in caring for elders with dementia. J. Clin. Nurs. 17(6): 790-799 (2008)
  53. Lustig D., Strauser D.: The Impact of Sense of Coherence on Career Thoughts for Individuals With Disabilities. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin 51(3): 139-147 (2008)
  54. Shah A., Wadoo O., Latoo J.: Psychological Distress in Carers of People with Mental Disorders. BJMP 3(3): a327 (2010)
  55. Matsushita M., Ishikawa T., Koyama A., Hasegawa N., Ichimi N., Yano H., Hashimoto M., Fujii N., Ikeda M.: Is sense of coherence helpful in coping with caregiver burden for dementia? Psychogeriatrics 14(2): 87-92 (2014)
  56. Gassmann W., Christ O., Lampert J., Berger H.: The influence of Antonovsky’s sense of coherence (SOC) and psychoeducational family intervention (PEFI) on schizophrenic outpatients’ perceived quality of life: a longitudinal field study. BMC Psychiatry 13: 10 (2013)
  57. Landsverk S.S., Kane C.F.: Antonovsky’s sense of coherence: theoretical basis of psychoeducation in schizophrenia. Issues Ment Health Nurs. 19(5): 419-431 (1998)
  58. Szymona K.: Changes of sense of coherence (SOC) after psychotherapy in neurotic patients. Psychiatr. Pol. 39: 659-668 (2005)
Relative Papers

Online ISSN 1011-6575

 

 

 

Bookmark the permalink.

Comments are closed.