Τόμος 2 (1988) – Τεύχος 1 – Άρθρο 3 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Διεθνής Έκδοση – Volume 2 (1988) – Issue 1 – Article 3 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-International Edition

Title Drugs and Sperm
Authors Charalambos T. Plessas¹, Stavros T. Plessas¹ and Dionysios Varonos²

1. PHARMAKON Press Information Services, Athens, Greece

2. Department of Exp. Pharmacology, Medical School, University of Athens, Greece

Citation Plessas, C.T., Plessas, S.T., Varonos, D.: Drugs and Sperm, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 2(1): 31-44 (1988)
Publication Date 1988-07
Full Text Language English
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Keywords Drugs, sperm, spermatogenesis, FSH, LH, testosterone, motility, GnRH.
Other Terms review article
Summary Spermatogenesis is a complex, not fully understood process, which is stimulated by FSH and LH from the pituitary and requires high intratesticular testosterone concentrations. Various drugs have been reported to interfere at different points of the spermatogenesis (a) acting on endocrine control mechanisms either decreasing sperm production (inhibition of gonadotrophin secretion by GnRH agonists, androgens, oestrogens, progestagens, reserpine, diazepam, chlorpromazine), increasing sperm production (stimulation of gonadotrophin secretion by GnRH, antioestrogens such as clomtphene and tamoxifen, bromocriptineI or inhibiting androgen biosynthesis (spironolactone); (b) directly affecting spermatogenesis by damage in the blood-testis barrier (cadmium, lead) and in the germinal epithelium (cytotoxic drugs, industrial chemicals such as dibromochloropropane, gossypoi); (c) impairing sperm maturation (antiandrogens such as cyproterone acetate, a-chlorhydrin, chlorinated sugars, sulphasalazine, gossypof); (d) impairing sperm motility by acting before ejaculation (nicotine) or after ejaculation (vaginal spermicides, propranololand (e) improving sperm motility after ejaculation (caffeine, calcium antagonists, kallikrein).
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