Title | Diabetic retinopathy and vitreous fluorophotometry | |
Author | José G. Cunha-Vaz
Department of Ophthalmology and Ophthalmology Research Center University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal |
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Citation | Cunha-Vaz, J.G.: Diabetic retinopathy and vitreous fluorophotometry, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 4(2): 97-104 (1990) | |
Publication Date | Received for publication: March 15, 1989
Accepted for publication: March 25, 1989 |
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Full Text Language | English | |
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Keywords | Diabetic retinopathy, vitreous fluorophotometry, sorbinil, calcium dobesilate. | |
Other Terms | review article | |
Summary | Vitreous fluorophotometry is a non invasive method for assessing quantitatively the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier in healthy and diseased states, it enables to detect diabetic retinopathy in the earliest stages and to monitor its evolution longitudinally. Of both diagnostic and prognostic value, it has opened new perspectives in our understanding of retina/ changes in diabetes and in their investigation and follow up. The purpose of this presentation is to characterize diabetic retinopathy, review the mechanism by which it develops and finally outline its treatment with 2 different drugs, Sorbinil and Calcium dobesilate, based on the present day understanding of this entity. | |
References | 1. Waltman, S R.: Sequential vitreous fluorophotometry in diabetes mellitus: A five-year prospective study. Trans. Am. Ophthalmol. Soc. 82: 827 (1984)
2. Kahn, H.A., Hiller, R.: Blindness caused by diabetic retinopathy. Am. J. Ophthalmol. 78: 58 (1974) 3. Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research: report 1: Photocoagulation for Diabetic Macular Edema. Arch. Ophthalmol. 103: 1796 (1985) 4. Ashton. N.: Vascular changes in diabetes with particular reference to retinal vessels: Preliminary report. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 33: 404 (1949) 5. Cogan, D.G., Kuwabara, T.: Capillary shunts in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 12: 13 (1963) 6. Cunha-Vaz, J.G., Ashton, N., Shakib, M.: Studies on the permeability of the blood-retinal barrier I, On the existence, development and site of a blood-retinal barrier. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 50: 441 (1966) 7. Klein, R., Klein, B.E., Neider, M.W., Hubbard, L., Meuer, S., Brothers, R.J.: Diabetic retinopathy as detected using ophthalmoscopy, a nomydriatic camera and a standard fundus camera. Ophthalmology 92 (4): 485 (1984) 8. Cunha-Vaz, J.G.: Diabetic retinopathy: Human and experimental Studies. Trans. Ophthalmol. Soc. U.K. 92: 111 (1972) 9. Zeimer, R.C., Cunha-Vaz, J.G., Johnson, M.E.: Studies on the technique of vitreous fluorophotometry. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 22: 668 (1982) 10. Cunha-Vaz, J.G., Abreu, J.R., Campos, A.J., Figo, G.: Early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in diabetes. Br. J. Ophthalmol. 59: 649 (1975) 11. Waltman, S.R., Oestrich, C., Krupin, T., Hanish, S., Ratzan, S., Santiago, J., Kilo, C.: Quantitative vitreous fluorophotometry: A sensitive technique for measuring early breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier in young diabetic patients. Diabetes 27: 85 (1978) 12. Cunha-Vaz, J.G., Maurice, D.M.: The active transport of fluorescein by the retinal vessels and the retina. J. Physiol. 191: 467 (1967) 13. Cunha-Vaz, J.G., Gray, J.R., Zeimer, R.C., Mota, M.C., Ishimoto, B.M., Leite, E.: Characterization of the early stages, of diabetic retinopathy by vitreous fluorophotometry. Diabetes 34: 53 (1985) 14. Diabetic Retinopathy Study Research Group: report 7. A modification of the Airlie House classification of diabetic retinopathy. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 21: 210 (1981) 15. Cunha-Vaz, J.G. Mota, M.C., Leite, E., Abreu, JR., Ruas, M.A.: Effect of sorbinil on the blood-retinal barrier in early diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes 35: 575 (1986) 16. Leite, E., Mota, M.C., Faria de Abreu, J.R., Cunha-Vaz, J.G.: Effect of calcium dobesilated on the blood-retinal barrier in early diabetic retinopathy. Int. Ophthalmol. 14: 81 (1990) 17. Schmidt, M., Michael, M.: Inhibition of sorbitol formation in human erythrocytes by calcium dobesilate. Drug Res. 39: 493 (1989) 18. Falkay, G., Kovacs, L.: Calcium dobesilate (Doxium) as a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor in pregnant human myometrium in vitro. Experientia 40: 190 (1984) 19. Bussolino, F., Biffignandi, P., Arese, P.: Platelet-activating factor. A powerful lipid autocoid. Possibly involved in microangiopathy. Acta Haematologica 75: 3, 129 (1986) |
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Online ISSN 1011-6575
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