Τόμος 14 (2000) – Τεύχος 2 – Άρθρο 2 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Διεθνής Έκδοση – Volume 14 (2000) – Issue 2 – Article 2 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-International Edition

Title Neurohumoral regulation of gallbladder motility
Authors Slobodan M. Jankovic, Dragan R. Milovanovic and Dejana T. Ruzic

Department of Pharmacology, Medical faculty, Kragujevac, Yugoslavia

Citation Jankovic, S.B., Milovanovic, D.R., Ruzic, D.T.: Neurohumoral regulation of gallbladder motility, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 14(2): 79-89 (2000)
Publication Date Received for publication: 3 March 2000

Accepted for publication: 11 April 2000

Full Text Language English
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Keywords Gallbladder, motility, contraction, relaxation, neurotransmitters, hormones, peptides.
Other Terms review article
Summary Gallbladder is actually a reservoir made of muscular and connective tissue, which enables simultaneous presence of both bile and food in small intestine. Disorder of motility is significant part of many diseases affecting gallbladder. Thorough knowledge of neurohumoral mechanisms for motility control is necessary prerequisite for development of new drugs with beneficial influence on gallbladder motility. This review summarizes current knowledge of the role and physiological or pathophysiological significance of numerous neurotransmitters, hormones and other mediators which affect gallbladder motility. It seems that physiological roles in regulation of gallbladder motility have following substances: acetylcholine, CCK, motilin, NO and VIP. Cholinergic nerves provide basal tone of gallbladder, serve as efferent arm of many digestive reflexes and are targets for action of numerous hormones and neurotransmitters. Effect of CCK is of prime importance for postprandial emptying of gallbladder, while motilin regulates interdigestive gallbladder emptying episodes. NO and VIP are neurotransmitters of non-adrenergic non-cholinergic nerves which produce relaxation of gallbladder wall, necessary for periods of gallbladder filling. On the other hand, substances like histamine and eicosanoids are mediators of inflammation, and they profoundly affect motility of gallbladder during acute or chronic cholecystitis.
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