| Title | Effect of digestive and pulmonary system infections on renal function | |
| Authors | Dimitrios Chaniotis, George Karageorgos, Petros Petropoulos and Frangiskos Chaniotis
School of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution of Athens, Athens, Greece |
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| Citation | Chaniotis, D., Karageorgos, G., Petropoulos, P., Chaniotis, F.: Effect of digestive and pulmonary system infections on renal function, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 20(1): 43-48 (2006) | |
| Publication Date | Accepted for publication (Final version): 15 April 2006 | |
| Full Text Language | English | |
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| Keywords | Glomerulonephritis, pneumonia, gastrointestinal infections. | |
| Other Terms | review article | |
| Summary | The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the influence, if any, of microbial infections of the lung (pneumonia) and the digestive system (cholecystitis, gastroenteritis, enterocolitis) on kidney function. The study was conducted over a 36 month period and involved 57 patients (26 men and 31 women, average age 53±5.6 years). Thirty-four (group A) had pneumonia and the remaining 23 (group B) had gastrointestinal infections. There were no differences concerning age and sex between the two groups. Diabetics and patients with cancer were excluded from the study as well as patients with systemic diseases or urinary tract infections. Causative agents in group A were: pneumococcus (24 cases), klebsiella (4), haemophilus (4), pseudomonas (1) and mycoplasma (1). In group B the microbial cause was isolated in 5 cases to enterocolitis (Staphylococcus 3, Salmonella 1), while seven had acute cholecystitis with negative blood culture and eleven had typical symptomatology of gastroenteritis with high fever. Antibiotic treatment consisted of ampicillin, cephalosporins, or a combination of trimethoprim with sulfamethoxazole. The following tests were performed on the first, fifth and tenth day of admission: urine analysis, C.B.C. and differential, serum urea, serum creatinine and uric acid. On the first and tenth day of admission 24 hour urine protein and serum and urine immunoglobulins and serum complement (C3, C4) were measured. A significant increase of: serum urea, serum creatinine, proteinouria, serum and urine immunoglobulins with a concomitant decrease of C3 and C4 was observed in group A on admission. On the 10th day, following admission, the values of the above parameters had all returned to normal levels (statistically significant difference, p<0.001). The above parameters were not significantly changed in group B. These observations lead to the conclusion that microbial infections of the lungs affect renal functions temporarily most probably by stimulation of the immune system. This could be related to the chemical structural resemblance between the pulmonary alveolar membrane and the glomerular basement membrane. Kidney function is not affected during the course of certain gastrointestinal infections. | |
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