Title | Cardiovascular risk factors in elderly | |
Author | Fotoula Babatsikou
Department of Nursing A, Technological Educational Institution (TEI) of Athens, Athens, Hellas |
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Citation | Babatsikou, F.: Cardiovascular risk factors in elderly, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 24(3): 265-270 (2010) | |
Publication Date | Accepted for publication (Final Version): April 10, 2010 | |
Full Text Language | English | |
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Keywords | Elderly, cardiovascular risk, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, physical activity, epidemiology. | |
Other Terms | review article | |
Summary | With increasing life expectancy and the rapid ageing of the population worldwide the disability and the burden of chronic diseases increases. The proportion of elderly is increasing worldwide and this trend is paralleled by an increase in chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease. Globally, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is estimated to be the leading cause of mortality, morbidity and loss of disability-adjusted life years. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that roughly 30% of global deaths result from CVD. Since the landmark Framingham Heart Study in 1948 there have been several hundred observational and prospective cohort studies on cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors. On a worldwide scale the Framingham Heart Study, the Seven Countries Study and the WHO MONICA Project have contributed most to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases and development of epidemiology. Several observational studies have shown that, diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, abdominal obesity, psychological and psychosocial factors, unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity and smoking and constitute the major risk factors for the development of CVD. The risk factors are general (sex, age, heredity) and associated with lifestyle. Modifiable or lifestyle risk factors include increased body mass index (BMI), physical inactivity, sedentary lifestyle, poor nutrition, arterial hypertension (AH), dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), smoking, and alcohol use, among others. The impact of coexisting risk factors is associated with greater disease’s risk and is greater than addictive. | |
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