Title | New kids on the block: statins in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease | ||
Authors | P.K. Panagopoulos, S. Tsartsalis, Ch. Dokos and M. Mironidou-Tzouveleki
A’ Department of Pharmacology, Medical School, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece |
||
Citation | Panagopoulos, P.K., Tsartsalis, S., Dokos, C., Mironidou-Tzouveleki, M.: New kids on the block: statins in the fight against Alzheimer’s disease, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 22(2): 269-272 (2008) | ||
Publication Date | 23-25 May 2008 | ||
Full Text Language | English | ||
Order – Buy | Ηλεκτρονική Μορφή: pdf (10 €) – Digital Type: pdf (10 €)
pharmakonpress[at]pharmakonpress[.]gr |
||
Keywords | Alzheimer’s disease, cholesterol, pharmacology, statins, pharmacotherapy, non-cholinergic drugs, dementia. | ||
Other Terms | Review article | ||
Summary | Alzheimer’s disease is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects millions of people. Its pathophysiology is characterized by the presence of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles and by synaptic impairment and neuron loss in the regions of memory processes and learning. There are four different genetic loci associated with inherited susceptibility to this disease: β-amyloid precursor protein, presenilin-1, presenilin-2 and apolipoprotein E. Today, most pharmacotherapy approaches to Alzheimer’s disease target at increasing neurotransmitter levels at cholinergic synapses. This review discusses the use of statins in the treatment of this disease. Cholesterol has a proven role in the pathogenesis of the disease, although it is not fully understood. In addition, statins have proven protective effects against Alzheimer’s disease and thus they can be used in its treatment. | ||
References | 1. Maurer K.: Historical Background of Alzheimer’s research done 100 years ago. J. Neural Transmission 13: 1597-1601 (2006)
2. Berrios G.E.: Alzheimer’s disease: A conceptual history. Int. J. Ger. Psychiatry 5: 355-365 (1990) 3. World Health Organisation (Webpage): http://www.searo.who.int/en/Section1174/Section1199/Section1567/Section1823_8066.htm 4. St George-Hyslop P.H., Petit A.: Molecular biology and genetics of Alzheimer’s disease. Comptes Rendus Biologies 328: 119-130 (2005) 5. Bertram L., Tanzi R.E.: Alzheimer’s disease: one disorder, too many genes? Hum. Molec. Genetics 13(Spec No 1): R135-141 (2004) 6. Rubinsztein D.C.: The genetics of Alzheimer’s disease. Progr. Neurobiol. 52: 447-454 (1997) 7. Pastorino L., Lu K.P.: Pathogenic mechanisms in Alzheimer’s disease. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 545 (1): 29-38 (2006) 8. Hutton M., Hardy J.: The Presenilins and Alzheimer’s disease. Hum. Molecul. Genetics 6: 1639-1646 (1997) 9. St George-Hyslop: Role of genetics in tests of genotype, status and disease progression in early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Neurobiol. Aging. 19: 133-137 (1998) 10. Tanzi R.E., Bertram L.: New frontiers in Alzheimer’s Disease genetics. Neuron 32:181-184 (2001) 11. Cacabelos R.: Pharmacogenomics in Alzheimer’s dis-ease. Mini Rev. Med. Chem. 2: 59-84 (2002) 12. Heneka M.T.: Inflammation in Alzheimer’s disease. Clin. Neuroscie. Res. 6: 247-260 (2006) 13. Stuchbury G., Munch G.: Alzheimer’s associated inflammation, potential drug targets and future therapy. J. Neural Transmission 112: 429-453 (2005) 14. Benseny-Cases N., Cocera M., Cladera J.: Conversion of non-fibrillar β-sheet oligomers into amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer’s Disease amyloid peptide aggregation. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 361: 916-921 (2007) 15. Findeis M.A.: The role of Aβ peptide 42 in Alzheimer’s disease. Pharmacol. Ther. 116: 266-286 (2007) 16. Rowan M.J., Klyubin I., Wang Q., Hu N.W., Anwyl R.: Synaptic memory mechanisms: Alzheimer’s Disease amyloid-beta peptide-induced disfunction. Biochem. Society Transactions 35(Pt 5): 1219-1223 (2007) 17. Selkoe D.J.: The cell biology of β-amyloid precursor protein and presenilins in Alzheimer’s disease. Trend Cell Biol. 8: 447-453 (1998) 18. Selkoe D.J.: Physiological production of the β-amyloid protein and the mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease. TINS 16: 403-409 (1993) 19. Parvathy S., Hussain I., Karran E.H., Turner A.J., Hooper N.M.: Cleavage of Alzheimer’s amyloid precursor protein by alpha-secretase occurs at the surface of the neuronal cells. Biochemistry 38-30: 9728-9734 (1999) 20. Zigman W.B., Schupf N., Jenkins E.C., Urv T.K., Tycko B., Silverman W.: Cholesterol level, statin use and Alzheimer’s disease in adults with Down syndrome. Neurosci. Lett. 416: 279-84 (2007) 21. Sjögren M., Mielke M., Gustafson D., Zandi P., Skoog I.: Cholesterol and Alzheimer’s disease: is there a relation? Mech. Ageing Dev. 127: 138-47 (2006) 22. Shobab L., Hsiung G., Feldman H.: Cholesterol in Alzheimer’s disease. Lancet Neurol. 4: 841-852 (2005) 23. Casserly I., Topol E.: Convergence of atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease: inflammation, cholesterol, and misfolded proteins. Lancet 363(9415): 1139-1146 (2004) 24. Zipp F., Waiczies S., Aktas O., Neuhaus O., Hemmer B., Schraven B., Nitsch R., Hartung H.-P. Impact of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition on brain pathology. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 28: 342-349 (2007) 25. Panza F., D’Introno A., Colacicco A.-M., Capurso C., Pichichero G., Capurso S., Capurso A., Solfrizzi V.: Lipid metabolism in cognitive decline and dementia. Brain Res. Rev. 51: 275-292 (2006) 26. DeKosky S.: Statin therapy in the treatment of Alzheimer disease: what is the rationale? Am. J. Med. 118: 48-53 (2005) 27. Hartmann T.: Cholesterol, Aβ and Alzheimer’s disease. TINS 24(11): 45S-48S (2001) 28. Roensch J., Crisby M., Nordberg A., Xiao Y., Zhang L.-J., Guan Z.-Z.: Effects of statins on a7 nicotinic receptor, cholinesterase and a-form of secreted amyloid precursor peptide in SH-SY5Y cells. Neurochem. Int. 50: 800-806 (2007) 29. Grimm M., Grimm H., Hartmann T.: Amyloid beta as a regulator of lipid homeostasis. Trends Molec. Med. 13: 337-344 (2007) 30. Standridge J.: Pharmacotherapeutic approaches to the prevention of Alzheimer’s Disease. Am. J. Geriatric Pharmacother. 2: 119-132 (2004) 31. Dominquez D., DeStrooper B.: Novel therapeutic strategies provide the real test for the amyloid hypothesis of Alzheimer’s disease. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 23: 324-330 (2002) 32. Cole S.L., Vassar R.: Isoprenoids and Alzheimer’s disease: A complex relationship. Neurobiol. Dis. 22: 209-222 (2006) 33. Tang B.: Alzheimer’s disease: Channeling APP to non-amyloidogenic processing. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 331: 375-378 (2005) 34. Jans D.M., Martinet W., Van De Parre T.J., Herman A.G., Bult H., Kockx M.M., De Meyer G.R.: Processing of amyloid precursor protein as a biochemical link between atherosclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease. Cardiovasc. Hematol. Disord. Drug Targets 6: 21-34 (2006) 35. Paris D., Townsend K., Humphrey J., Obregon D.F., Yokota K., Mullan M.: Statins inhibit Aβ-neurotoxicity in vitro and Aβ-induced vasoconstriction and inflammation in rat aortae. Atherosclerosis 161: 293-299 (2002) 36. Sun Y.-H., Crisby M., Lindgren S., Jansciauskiene S.: Pravastatin inhibits pro-inflammatory effects of Alzheimer’s peptide Aβ(1–42) in glioma cell culture in vitro. Pharmacol. Res. 47: 119-126 (2003) 37. Ishii K., Tokuda T., Matsushima T., Miya F., Shoji S., Ikeda S., Tamaoka A.: Pravastatin at 10 mg/day does not decrease plasma levels of either amyloid-β (Aβ) 40 or Aβ 42 in humans. Neurosci. Lett. 350: 161-164 (2003) |
||
Relative Papers |
Online ISSN 1011-6575
Άρθρα Δημοσιευμένα σε αυτό το Περιοδικό Καταχωρούνται στα:
- Chemical Abstracts
- Elsevier’s Bibliographic Databases: Scopus, EMBASE, EMBiology, Elsevier BIOBASE SCImago Journal and Country Rank Factor
Articles published in this Journal are Indexed or Abstracted in: • Chemical Abstracts • Elsevier’s Bibliographic Databases: Scopus, EMBASE, EMBiology, Elsevier BIOBASE SCImago Journal and Country Rank Factor
Συντακτικη Επιτροπή-Editorial Board
ΕΤΗΣΙΑ ΣΥΝΔΡΟΜΗ 2008 – ANNUAL SUBSCRIPTION 2008 | |
Γλώσσα Πλήρους Κειμένου – Full Text Language | Αγγλικά – English |
Παραγγελία – Αγορά – Order – Buy | Ηλεκτρονική Μορφή: pdf (70 €) – Digital Type: pdf (70 €)
pharmakonpress[at]pharmakonpress[.]gr |
Έντυπη Μορφή (70 € + έξοδα αποστολής) – Printed Type (70 € + shipping)
pharmakonpress[at]pharmakonpress[.]gr |