| Title | Metabolism of 2-phenylethylamine to phenylacetic acid, via phenylacetaldehyde, by aldehyde oxidizing enzymes | |
| Author | Georgios I. Panoutsopoulos
Department of Experimental Pharmacology, Medical School, Athens University, Athens, Greece |
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| Citation | Panoutsopoulos, G.I.: Metabolism of 2-phenylethylamine to phenylacetic acid, via phenylacetaldehyde, by aldehyde oxidizing enzymes, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 20(2): 273-275 (2006) | |
| Publication Date | Accepted for publication: 19-20 May 2006 | |
| Full Text Language | English | |
| Order – Buy | Ηλεκτρονική Μορφή: pdf (10 €) – Digital Type: pdf (10 €)
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| Keywords | Allopurinol, disulfiram, aldehyde dehydrogenase, aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase. | |
| Other Terms | review article | |
| Summary | 2-Phenylethylamine is present in various foodstuffs such as chocolate, cheese and wine, and has been known to trigger migraine attacks in susceptible individuals. In addition, 2-phenylethylamine is an endogenous amine that is implicated in cerebral transmission. 2-Phenylethylamine is metabolized to phenylacetaldehyde by monoamine oxidase and the subsequent oxidation to its acid is usually attributed to aldehyde dehydrogenase, whereas the contribution of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase is ignored. Therefore, the potential role of aldehyde oxidase and xanthine oxidase, in the metabolism of phenylacetaldehyde derived from its parent amine, was elucidated. Incubations of 2-phenylethylamine with mono- amine oxidase were carried out for the production of phenylacetaldehyde, as well as incubations of synthetic or enzymatic-generated phenylacetaldehyde with aldehyde oxidase, xanthine oxidase and aldehyde dehydrogenase. The results showed that phenylacetaldehyde is metabolized mainly to phenylacetic acid by all three oxidizing enzymes. Aldehyde dehydrogenase was the predominant enzyme in phenylacetaldehyde oxidation with aldehyde oxidase playing a less prominent role. Xanthine oxidase is not involved in the oxidation of phenylacetaldehyde due to low amounts of enzyme being present in guinea pig. Thus, aldehyde dehydrogenase is not the only enzyme oxidizing xenobiotic and endobiotic aldehydes and the role of aldehyde oxidase in such reactions should not be ignored. | |
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Online ISSN 1011-6575
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