Τίτλος – Title
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Διερεύνηση των Επιπτώσεων του Καπνίσματος στη Λειτουργία του Θυρεοειδούς και στη Συχνότητα των Θυρεοειδοπαθειών Investigation of the Effects of Smoking on Thyroid Function and the Frequency of Thyroid Diseases |
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Συγγραφέας – Author
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Φωτεινή Χαριζάνη¹, Λεωνίδας Ντούντας², Γρηγόρης Πιπερίγκος², Αιμιλία Μάντζιου², Δημήτριος Κούτρας², Θεολόγος Ζάγκαλης³, Θεοφάνης Κατοστάρας4 1Τμήμα Δημόσιας Υγιεινής, Σχολή Επαγγελμάτων Υγείας και Πρόνοιας, Τεχνολογικό Εκπαιδευτικό Ίδρυμα (ΤΕΙ) Αθήνας, Αθήνα, Ελλάς 2Πανεπιστημιακή Ενδοκρινολογική Μονάδα, Ευγενίδειο Θεραπευτήριο, Αθήνα, Ελλάς 3Ιατρική Σχολή, Πανεπιστήμιο Βάρνας, Βάρνα, Βουλγαρία 4 Τμήμα Νοσηλευτικής, Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο, Αθήνα, Ελλάς F. Charizani¹, L. Duntas², G. Piperigos², E. Mantzou², D. Koutras², Th. Zagalis³ and Th. Katostaras4 1Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Caring Professions, Technological Educational Institution (TEI) of Athens, Athens, Greece 2University Endocrinological Unit Εvgenideio Hospital, Athens, Greece 3School of Medicine, University of Varna, Varna, Bulgaria 4 Department of Nursing, University of Athens, Athens, Greece |
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Παραπομπή – Citation
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Χαριζάνη,Φ., Ντούντας,Λ., Πιπερίγκος,Γ., Μάντζιου,Α., Κούτρας,Δ., Ζάγκαλης,Θ., Κατοστάρας,Θ. : Διερεύνηση των Επιπτώσεων του Καπνίσματος στη Λειτουργία του Θυρεοειδούς και στη Συχνότητα των Θυρεοειδοπαθειών, Επιθεώρηση Κλιν. Φαρμακολ. Φαρμακοκινητ. 24: 80-89 (2006)
Charizani,F., Duntas,L., Piperigos,G., Mantzou,E., Koutras,D., Zagalis,Th., Katostaras,Th. : Investigation of the Effects of Smoking on Thyroid Function and the Frequency of Thyroid Diseases, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 24: 80-89 (2006)
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Ημερομηνία Δημοσιευσης – Publication Date
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2006 – 2006
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Γλώσσα Πλήρους Κειμένου –
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Ελληνικά – Greek |
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Digital Type: pdf (15 €) pharmakonpress[at]pharmakonpress[.]gr |
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Λέξεις κλειδιά – Keywords
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Θυρεοειδής, θυρεοειδοπάθειες, κάπνισμα, θειοκυανικά (SCN–)
Thyroid, thyroid diseases, smoking, thiocyanate (SCN–)
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Λοιποί Όροι – Other Terms
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Στατιστική Μελέτη Statistical Study |
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Περίληψη – Summary
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Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν η διερεύνηση των επιπτώσεων του καπνίσματος και ιδιαίτερα των θειοκυανικών του (SCN–) στη λειτουργία του θυρεοειδούς και τη συχνότητα των θυρεοειδοπαθειών, σε σχέση με την προσλαμβανόμενη ποσότητα ιωδίου. Όλοι οι συμμετέχοντες στην έρευνα ασθενείς εξετάσθηκαν κλινικά, προσδιορίσθηκαν ε-πιπλέον οι Τ4 -Τ3 και η TSH, το ιώδιο, η κρεατινίνη και τα θειοκυανικά των ούρων και απάντησαν, με προσωπικές συνεντεύξεις, σε συνοπτικό ερωτηματολόγιο σχετικά με τις συνήθειες του καπνίσματος και της διατροφής. Το σύνολο των ερευνηθέντων περιελάμβανε 135 ασθενείς (115 γυναίκες και 20 άνδρες). Από τους 53 ασθενείς, που ήσαν καπνιστές, 39 γυναίκες (73,6%) και 14 άνδρες (26,4%), οι 15 ήταν υπερθυρεοειδικοί, οι 3 υποθυρεοειδικοί και οι 35 ευθυρεοειδικοί. Στους ασθενείς καπνιστές με υποθυρεοειδισμό και ευθυρεοειδισμό διεπιστώθη αύξηση των τιμών των θειοκυανικών (144,5±50,6 και 141,3±29,8 αντίστοιχα), στους ασθενείς καπνιστές με υπερθυρεοειδισμό η αύξηση ήταν αρκετά σημαντική (174,0±11,6) ιδιαίτερα στους άνδρες (189±15,4), που ήταν ανάλογη με τον ημερήσιο αριθμό κατανα-λισκoμένων τσιγάρων. Οι ασθενείς με υπερθυρεοειδισμό είχαν υψηλότερες τιμές ιωδίου (174,7±85,3) στα ούρα συγκριτικά με τους ασθενείς με υποθυρεοειδισμό (153,4±54,5). Επίσης και οι μη καπνίστριες με υπερθυρεοειδισμό είχαν υψηλότερες τιμές απέκκρισης ιωδίου (215,4±72,4) σε σχέση με τις καπνίστριες (163,0±35,0). Αυτό οφείλεται μάλλον στην ανασταλτική δράση των SCN– στην ιωδιοποίηση. Η TSH στους καπνιστές ασθενείς παρουσίασε μείωση, ενώ η Τ3 αύξηση. Βάσει αυτών των αποτελεσμάτων μπορεί να συμπεράνει κανείς ότι η αύξηση των SCN– έχει άμεση επίδραση στη μείωση σύνθεσης της θυροξίνης και υποδηλώνει πιθανή δράση στην περιφέρεια επηρεάζοντας θετικά τη μετατροπή της Τ4 σε Τ3, με αποτέλεσμα τη μείωση της TSH. Τα SCN– μπορεί να είναι ο αιτιολογικός παράγοντας για την αυξανόμενη συχνότητα των θυρεοειδοπαθειών στους καπνιστές. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of tobacco smoking and particularly the effects of thiocyanate (SCN–) on thyroid function and the frequency of thyroid diseases in relation to iodine uptake. All participants in the study were patients and were examined clinically. Subsequently, T4 -T3 and TSH, iodine, creatinine and thiocyanate in urine samples were determined. Moreover, all patients were interviewed and each completed a comprehensive questionnaire regarding their smoking and nutritional habits. The total number of those who were examined was 135 patients (115 women and 20 men). Among the patients, 53 were smokers {39 (73.6%) women and 14 (26.4%) men}: 15 were found hyperthyroid, 3 hypothyroid and 35 euthyroid. There was an increase in the values of SCN– in patient smokers with hypothyroidism and euthyroidism (144.5±50.6 and 141.3±29.8, respectively). However, the increase in the levels of SCN–, which correlated with the total number of cigarettes consumed daily, was highly significant {(174.0±11.6), particularly in men (189.3±15.4)}, in patients-smokers with hyperthyroidism. The patients with hyperthyroidism proved to have higher values of urine iodine (174.7±85.3) compared to the patients with hypothyroidism (153.4±54.5). Non-smoking women with hyperthyroidism also proved to have higher values of iodide efflux (215.4±72.4) compared to women smokers (163.0±35.0). This is possibly due to the inhibitory action of SCN– in iodination. TSH in patients-smokers was reduced while T3 was increased. On the basis of these findings it can be concluded that the increase in SCN– has a direct effect on the decrease in thyroxine synthesis which denotes possible action in the periphery. This in turn induces the conversion of T4 into T3, resulting in the decrease of TSH. SCN– can be the etiologic agent of the increasing frequency of thyroid diseases in smokers. |
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Αναφορές – References
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