Τόμος 31 (2013) – Τεύχος 3 – Άρθρο 12 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Ελληνική Έκδοση – Volume 31 (2013) – Issue 3 – Article 12 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-Greek Edition

 

Τίτλος – Title

Κινητικός Έλεγχος και Κινητική Μάθηση: Μέσα και Τεχνικές Αποκατάστασης

Motor Control and Motor Learning: Rehabilitation Instruments and Techniques

Συγγραφέας – Author

Άννα Χρηστάκου

Φυσικοθεραπεύτρια, Πτυχιούχος Φυσικής Αγωγής και Αθλητισµού, Γ.Ν.Α. Ευαγγελισµός, M.Sc., ∆ιδάκτωρ ΕΚΠΑ

Anna Christakou

Physiotherapist, M.Sc.,Ph.D. Evagelismos General Hospital, First Critical Care Department, Athens, Hellas

Παραπομπή – Citation

Χρηστάκου,Α. : Κινητικός Έλεγχος και Κινητική Μάθηση: Μέσα και Τεχνικές Αποκατάστασης, Επιθεώρηση Κλιν. Φαρμακολ. Φαρμακοκινητ. 31: 234-242 (2013)

Christakou,A. : Motor Control and Motor Learning: Rehabilitation Instruments and Techniques, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 31: 234-242 (2013)

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Λέξεις κλειδιά – Keywords

Νοερή εξάσκηση, συσκευή µε καθρέπτη, τεχνολογία εικονικής πραγµατικότητας, αποκατάσταση

Motor control, motor learning, rehabilitation instruments, imagery, mirror therapy, Wii therapy
Λοιποί Όροι – Other Terms

Άρθρο

Article

Περίληψη – Summary

Η γνώση θεωριών κινητικού ελέγχου και κινητικής µάθησης συµβάλλει στην αποτελεσµατικότερη θεραπευτική αποκατάσταση παιδιών και ενηλίκων µε νευρολογικές, µυοσκελετικές και άλλες παθολογικές καταστάσεις. Η παρούσα ανασκόπηση βιβλιογραφίας περιγράφει τρεις τεχνικές/µέσα της κινητικής συµπεριφοράς, συγκεκριµένα τη νοερή εξάσκηση, τη θεραπεία µε καθρέπτη και την τεχνολογία εικονικής πραγµατικότητας. Οι   προαναφερόµενες   τεχνικές/µέσα  χρησιµοποιούνται µε στόχο την αύξηση του εύρους τροχιάς, της δύναµης, της επανεκπαίδευσης ισορροπίαςτης  ορθοστάτισης, της βάδισης, του νευροµυϊκού συντονισµού, της λειτουργικότητας, τη µείωση πόνου και τη µείωση ζάλης. Συγκεκριµένα, η νοερή εξάσκηση χρησιµοποιείται σε ασθενείς µε εγκεφαλικές βλάβες, µε πλήρη διατοµή   νωτιαίου µυελού, µε Πάρκινσον, µε πολλαπλή σκλήρυνση και µε ακρωτηριασµούς άκρων. Η θεραπεία µε καθρέπτη εφαρµόζεται αποτελεσµατικά µετά από αγγειακό εγκεφαλικό επεισόδιο, σε σύνδροµα πόνου και σε πόνο φαντάσµατος ακρωτηριασµένων µελών. Τέλος, η τεχνολογία εικονικής πραγµατικότητας εφαρµόζεται σε υγιείς ή/και σε ασθενείς µε διάφορες νευρολογικές, µυοσκελετικές διαταραχές και εγκαυµατίες.

The knowledge of theories of motor control and motor learning may rehabilitate neurological, muscoloskeletical and other pathological conditions. The present review describes three techniques of motor behavior, namely the mental imagery, the mirror therapy and the Wii-therapy. The aforementioned techniques are used to increase the range of motion, the strength, the endurance, the balance, the gait, the neuromuscular coordination, the functional  ability,  the pain’s reduction and head’s dizziness. Particularly, the imagery is used in patients with head injuries, spinal injuries, Parkinson, multiple sclerosis, and amputees. The mirror therapy issue deficiently by stroke patients, patients with pain syndromes, and phantom pain limp. Elderly and children with different neurological, musculoskeletical problems, burns and other pathological problems use successfully the Wii therapy programs.

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