Τόμος 15 (1997) – Τεύχος 2 – Άρθρο 2 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Ελληνική Έκδοση – Volume 15 (1997) – Issue 2 – Article 2 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-Greek Edition

 

Τίτλος – Title

Α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα Αι­ω­ρού­με­να Σω­μα­τί­δια και Α­τμο­σφαι­ρι­κή Ρύ­παν­ση. Με­λέ­τη Μη­χα­νι­σμών Ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χων Ε­λευ­θέ­ρων Ρι­ζών και Ε­πι­πτώ­σεις στο Α­να­πνευ­στι­κό Σύ­στη­μα του Αν­θρώ­που

Air Pollution and Respirable Sus­pended Particulates. A Study of Mechanisms of Oxygen Free Radi­cals and Adverse Health Effects in the Respiratory System of Humans

Συγγραφέας – Author

Αθανάσιος  Βαλαβανίδης και Αναστασία  Σαλίκα

Τμήμα Χημείας, Πανεπιστημίο Αθηνών, Πανεπιστημιούπολη Ζωγράφου 157 71, Αθήνα, Ελλάς

A. Valavanidis and A. Salika

Department of Chemistry, University of Athens, University Campus of Zografou, 157 71 Athens, Greece

Παραπομπή – Citation

Βαλαβανίδης,Α., Σαλίκα,Α. : Α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα Αι­ω­ρού­με­να Σω­μα­τί­δια και Α­τμο­σφαι­ρι­κή Ρύ­παν­ση. Με­λέ­τη Μη­χα­νι­σμών Ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χων Ε­λευ­θέ­ρων Ρι­ζών και Ε­πι­πτώ­σεις στο Α­να­πνευ­στι­κό Σύ­στη­μα του Αν­θρώ­που , Επιθεώρηση Κλιν. Φαρμακολ. Φαρμακοκινητ. 15 :  127-142 (1997)

Valavanidis,A., Salika,A. : Air Pollution and Respirable Sus­pended Particulates. A Study of Mechanisms of Oxygen Free Radi­cals and Adverse Health Effects in the Respiratory System of Humans, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 15 : 127-142 (1997)

Ημερομηνία Δημοσιευσης – Publication Date
20-07-1997
Γλώσσα Πλήρους Κειμένου –
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Ελληνικά – Greek

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Λέξεις κλειδιά – Keywords

Α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα αι­ω­ρού­με­να σω­μα­τί­δια, α­τμο­σφαι­ρι­κή ρύ­παν­ση, ε­λεύ­θε­ρες ρί­ζες, α­να­πνευ­στι­κό σύ­στη­μα

Inhalable suspended particulates, air pollution, free radicals, respiratory sys­tem
Λοιποί Όροι – Other Terms

Άρθρο

Article

Περίληψη – Summary

Σκο­πός  της  ε­ρευ­νη­τι­κής  ερ­γα­σί­ας εί­ναι να δει­χθεί ό­τι τα α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα αιω­ρού­με­να σω­μα­τί­δια της α­τμο­σφαι­ρι­κής ρύ­παν­σης (Λε­κα­νο­πέ­διο της Α­θή­νας) πα­ρά­γουν ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χες ε­λεύ­θε­ρες ρί­ζες σε υ­δα­τι­κό ρυθ­μι­στι­κό διά­λυ­μα πα­ρου­σί­α υ­πε­ρο­ξει­δί­ου του υ­δρο­γό­νου. Ι­διαί­τε­ρα οι ρί­ζες υ­δρο­ξυ­λί­ου συμ­βάλ­λουν σε α­σθέ­νειες του α­να­πνευ­στι­κού συ­στή­μα­τος, καθώς και στην έ­ναρ­ξη και προ­ώ­θη­ση καρ­κι­νο­γέ­νε­σης σε πνευ­μο­νι­κά κύττα­ρα. Τα υ­λι­κά και η μέ­θο­δος που εχρη­σι­μο­ποι­ή­θησαν εί­ναι διά­φορες χη­μι­κές ε­νώ­σεις και τε­χνι­κές δέ­σμευ­σης ε­λευ­θέ­ρων ρι­ζών. Με τη βοή­θεια του Η­λε­κτρο­νι­κού Πα­ρα­μα­γνη­τι­κού Συ­ντο­νι­σμού (ΗΠ­Σ) και διά­φορων α­ντιο­ξει­δω­τικών και χη­λικών ε­νώ­σε­ων έ­γι­νε δυ­να­τό να διε­ρευ­νη­θούν ά­με­σα οι ε­λεύ­θε­ρες ρί­ζες και οι πι­θα­νοί μη­χα­νι­σμοί πα­ρα­γω­γής τους. Τα α­πο­τελέ­σμα­τα δεί­χνουν ό­τι ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χες ε­λεύ­θε­ρες ρί­ζες και δρα­στι­κές ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χες ε­νώ­σεις δη­μιουρ­γού­νται υπό φυσιο­λο­γι­κές συν­θή­κες α­πό αιω­ρού­με­να σω­μα­τί­δια, σω­μα­τί­δια αι­θά­λης α­πό καυ­σα­έ­ρια τρο­χο­φό­ρων ντή­ζελ και βεν­ζί­νης και σκό­νη κε­ντρι­κών δρόμων. Συ­μπε­ρα­σμα­τι­κά, η ερ­γα­σί­α αυ­τή δεί­χνει ό­τι ο­ξυ­γο­νού­χες ε­λεύ­θε­ρες ρίζες που πα­ρά­γο­νται α­πό α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα αιω­ρού­με­να σω­μα­τί­δια  της α­τμο­σφαιρι­κής ρύ­παν­σης μπο­ρούν να κα­τα­στούν πα­ρά­γο­ντες πρό­κλη­σης α­να­πνευ­στι­κών α­σθε­νειών και αι­τί­α έ­ναρ­ξης μη­χα­νι­σμών καρ­κι­νο­γέ­νε­σης στα πνευμο­νι­κά κύτ­τα­ρα. Τα συ­μπε­ρά­σμα­τα αυ­τά συμ­φω­νούν με άλ­λα πει­ρα­μα­τι­κά α­ποτε­λέ­σμα­τα και ε­πι­βε­βαιώ­νουν τις πρό­σφα­τες έ­ρευ­νες και επιδη­μιο­λο­γι­κές με­λέ­τες για την ηυ­ξη­μέ­νη νο­ση­ρό­τη­τα και θνη­σι­μό­τη­τα σε σχέ­ση με τα α­να­πνεύ­σι­μα αιω­ρού­με­να σω­μα­τί­δια σε α­στι­κές πε­ριο­χές.

The objective of our study is to es­tablish that respirable suspended particulates of air pollution in the basin of Athens (Greece) are capable to generate oxygen free radicals in aque­ous buffer solution in the presence of hydrogen peroxide, especially hydroxyl radicals, which are known to contribute to respiratory diseases and to initiate and promote carcinogenic mechanisms in respiratory cells. The method and chemicals used in our experiments are commonly used in experi­mental techniques of spin trapping. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) is the spectro­scopic technique for direct evidence of the type of radicals. With the help of various antioxidants, chelating agents and deferoxamine we were able to study the mechanisms of radical generation. The results of our experiments showed that oxy­gen free radicals and reactive oxygen species (ROS) can be generated under physiological con­ditions from respirable suspended particulates, diesel and gasoline exhaust particulates, and street dusts. We conclude that oxygen free radi­cals, generated from suspended particulates of air pollution, are capable to cause respiratory dis­eases to humans and induce carcinogenic mechanisms in respiratory cells. These conclu­sions are in line with similar experimental results and support the recent findings of various epide­miological studies which showed that increased morbidity and mortality is caused by increased episodes of  particulate air pollution.

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