Open Access Research
Preliminary green synthesis and antimicrobial screening of silver nanoparticles using chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract
Mais Said Hamood Al Maawali1
, Abrar Abdul Qawi Al Yafei1, Zeyad Duraid Najmuldeen2, Baydaa Salim Said Al Kathiri1, Lujain Maythem Shaheed1, Mullaicharam Bhupathyraaj1,*
1Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat, Oman
2College of Pharmacy, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
*Corresponding author:
Mullaicharam Bhupathyraaj, College of Pharmacy, National University of science and technology, Muscat, Oman; Tel.: 00968-24504608; e-mail: mullaicharam@nu.edu.om
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Published: 2026 ; https://doi.org/10.61873/
Abstract
Background: Chrysanthemum morifolium is rich in bioactive phytochemicals with reported antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. Plant-mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has emerged as an environmentally friendly alternative to conventional chemical methods. Aim: To investigate the preliminary green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract and evaluate their antibacterial activity. Methodology: Fresh Chrysanthemum morifoliumflowers were shade-dried, powdered, and extracted with distilled water. Five milliliters of aqueous flower extract were added to 50 mL of 1 mM silver nitrate solution under continuous stirring. The reaction mixture was adjusted to pH 8 and incubated at 70°C for 12 h. Preliminary nanoparticle formation was assessed by visual color change and UV-Visible spectroscopy (200–1000 nm). Antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923. Results: A characteristic surface plasmon resonance peak was observed at 425 nm, supporting preliminary AgNP formation. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited larger inhibition zones against S. aureus (16.0 ± 0.6 mm) and E. coli (18.0 ± 0.5 mm) than the flower extract and AgNO₃ solution. One-way ANOVA demonstrated significant differences among treatment groups (p<0.05). Conclusion: The findings provide preliminary evidence supporting the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract and demonstrate promising antibacterial activity. Further physicochemical characterization and toxicity evaluation are required before potential biomedical applications can be considered.
Keywords: Chrysanthemum extract, green synthesis, silver nanoparticles, antimicrobial activity, phytochemicals
Please cite as:
Al Maawali M. S. H, Al Yafei A. A. Q., Najmuldeen Z. D., Al Kathiri B. S. S., Shaheed L. M., Bhupathyraaj M.: Preliminary green synthesis and antimicrobial screening of silver nanoparticles using chrysanthemum morifolium flower extract. Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. xx(xx): xx-xx (2026). DOI: 10.61873/XXXXXXX
pISSN 1011-6575 • eISSN 2945-1914