Open Access Research
Anti-proliferative activity of a newly synthesized indole derivative on the HUVEC and MCF-7 cell lines
Raghad Shakir Hadid1
, Ghaith Ali Jasim Al-Zubaidy1,2*, Basma Talib Al-Sudani1, Asmaa Q. Ibrahim3
1College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq
3Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences/Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, Jordan
*Corresponding author: Ghaith Ali Jassim Al-Zubaidy, College of Pharmacy, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq. College of Health and Medical Techniques, Al-Bayan University, Baghdad, Iraq. Telephone: +9647901965695; email: ghaith.a@albayan.edu.iq
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Published: 2026 ; https://doi.org/10.61873/
Abstract
Background: Angiogenesis is the biological process involving the development of new blood vessels from existing ones. Aim: Aim of this study was to investigate the antiproliferative activity of 2-(5-bromo-1H-indole-2-carbonyl)-N-(p-tolyl) hydrazine-1-carbothioamide. Methodology: The anti-proliferative effect on the human umbilical vein endothe¬lial cell line (HUVECs) and MCF-7 cell line was assessed using the [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] MTT assay. Expression of VEGFA, VEGFB, and EGF genes was determined by quanti¬tative real-timepolymerase chain reaction(qPCR) and confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Results: The com¬pound inhibits the proliferation of HUVECs with an IC50 of 80.24 μg/mL and MCF-7 with an IC50 of 96.32 μg/mL. Only one biological sample was analyzed for each treatment concentration, and these gene-expression findings was interpreted as preliminary observations, the HUVECs, VEGFA expression was reduced at a concentration of 160.48 μg/mL, with a relative expression level of 0.78 ± 0.63-fold compared with the control group. In MCF-7 cells, EGF expression was also reduced at 192.64 μg/mL, with a relative expression level of 0.88 ± 0.40-fold compared with the control group. The agarose gel electrophoresis image confirmed sharp bands of double-stranded DNA. Conclusion: The findings indicate preliminary antiproliferative activity of the tested compound against HU¬VECs and MCF-7 cells, together with exploratory modulation of angiogenesis-related gene expression. Further stud¬ies with independent biological replicates and functional angiogenesis assays are required to determine the biological significance and anti-angiogenic potential of the compound.
Keywords: MTT assay, HUVECs, MCF-7, VEGF-A, and EGF
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pISSN 1011-6575 • eISSN 2945-1914