Τόμος 32 (2014) – Τεύχος 2 – Άρθρο 4 – Επιθεώρηση Κλινικής Φαρμακολογίας και Φαρμακοκινητικής-Ελληνική Έκδοση – Volume 32 (2014) – Issue 2 – Article 4 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias και Farmakokinetikes-Greek Edition

 

Τίτλος – Title

Παραβένια (Parabens) ως Συντηρητικά Καλλυντικών Προϊόντων: Παρελθόν, Παρόν και Μέλλον
Parabens as Preservatives in Cosmetic Products: Past, Present and Future

Συγγραφέας – Author

Ουρανία Βαρσαμά και Αθανασία Βαρβαρέσου
Εργαστήριο Κοσμητολογίας, Τμήμα Αισθητικής και Κοσμητολογίας, Τεχνολογικό Εκ-παιδευτικό Ίδρυμα Αθήνας, Αγ.Σπυρίδωνα, 12210 Αιγάλεω, Αθήνα, Ελλάς  –
Ourania Varsama and Athanasia Varvaresou
Laboratory of Cosmetology, Department of Aesthetics and Cosmetology, Technological Educational Institution, Ag. Spyridonos Str., GR-12210 Egaleo, Athens, Hellas

Παραπομπή – Citation

Βαρσαμά Ο., Βαρβαρέσου Α. : Παραβένια (Parabens) ως Συντηρητικά Καλλυντικών Προϊόντων: Παρελθόν, Παρόν και Μέλλον, Επιθεώρηση Κλιν. Φαρμακολ. Φαρμακοκινητ. 32: 91-105 (2014)
Varsama O., Varvaresou A. : Parabens as Preservatives in Cosmetic Products: Past, Present and Future, Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. 32: 91-105 (2014)

Ημερομηνία Δημοσιευσης – Publication Date
13 Ιουνίου 2014 – 2014-06-13
Γλώσσα Πλήρους Κειμένου –
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Ελληνικά – Greek

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Λέξεις κλειδιά – Keywords
Παραβένια, καλλυντικά, απορρόφηση, τοξικότητα, οιστρογονική δράση, νευροπροστατευτική δράση
Parabens, cosmetics, absorption, toxicity, estrogenic activity, neuroprotective activity
Λοιποί Όροι – Other Terms

Άρθρο Επισκόπησης
Review Article

Περίληψη – Summary

Τα παραβένια χρησιμοποιούνται ως συντηρητικά σε πολλά καλλυντικά προϊόντα, όπως κρέμες σώματος, ενυδατικές λοσιόν κλπ, αλλά και σε τρόφιμα και φαρμακευτικά προϊόντα. Αυτά έχουν ισχυρή και ευρεία αντιμικροβιακή δράση, πολλά από τα χαρακτηριστικά ενός ιδανικού συντηρητικού και είναι ασφαλή στη χρήση (δεν παρουσιάζουν σχεδόν καθόλου τοξικότητα και ερεθιστικότητα στις επιτρεπόμενες συγκεντρώσεις). Τα παραβένια απορροφώνται, μεταβολίζονται και απεκκρίνονται ταχέως από τον οργανισμό. O βαθμός της διαδερμικής τους απορρόφησης εξαρτάται περισσότερο από τα χημικά τους χαρακτηριστικά (διαλυτότητα και λιποφιλία), παρά από τη σύνθεση του καλλυντικού προϊόντος. Αυτά είναι μη τοξικά στις συνήθεις συγκεντρώσεις, μη ερεθιστικά και δεν έχουν ευαισθητοποιό δράση, όταν εφαρμόζονται σε άθικτο δέρμα. Περιπτώσεις δερματικών αντιδράσεων έχουν αναφερθεί, όταν χρησιμοποιούνται σε τραυματισμένο δέρμα. Τα παραβένια έχουν ανιχνευτεί σε δείγματα ιστού καρκινικών όγκων του μαστού και παρουσιάζουν ασθενή οιστρογονική δραστικότητα. Μέχρι τώρα δεν έχει αποδειχθεί συσχέτιση μεταξύ καρκίνου του μαστού και χρήσης παραβενίων. Αξιοσημείωτη είναι η νευροπροστατευτική δράση του μεθυλ-παραβενίου στη νόσο Parkinson.

Parabens are preservatives used in cosmetic products such as body creams, skin moisturizers etc, food and pharmaceuticals. They have potent and wide range of antimicrobial activity, many of the characteristics of an ideal preservative and are safe to use (they are practically non toxic and non irritating when used at the permitted concentrations). Parabens are rapidly adsorbed, metabolized and excreted from the body. The extent of transdermal permeation depends more on paraben characteristics (solubility, lipophilicity) than on the composition of formulation. They are non-toxic at the concentration they are normally used in cosmetics. They are non-irritant and non-sensitizing for intact skin, although the exposure of damaged skin to parabens can lead to dermatic reactions. However, parabens have been detected in breast tumor tissue samples and shown to possess weak estrogenic activity. Because of these findings general concern and doubts have arisen regarding the risk to human health, especially after long-term usage. Several studies have failed to formally prove their alleged responsibility in the occurrence in breast cancer. Also, the neuroprotective activity of methylparaben in Parkinson’s disease is worth mentioning.

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