Volume 44 (2026) – Supplementary Issue 1 – Article 11 – Epitheorese Klinikes Farmakologias kai Farmakokinetikes

Abstract
Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection remains common worldwide and occurs more often in developing countries. Oman reports a lower prevalence than other Gulf countries, but optimizing treatment regimens remains clinically challenging. Aim: This study aims to assess the rate of H. pylori eradication failure and examine unadjusted factors associated with treatment failure among Omani patients. Methodology: A retrospective cross-sectional study included 278 adult patients diagnosed with H. pylori infection between 2018 and 2023. Patients received first-line therapy according to the local treatment protocol. Eradication outcome was confirmed using the urea breath test or stool antigen test. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and family history were analyzed using SPSS using bivariate testing to identify factors associated with treatment failure. Results: Eradication failure occurred in 132 patients (47.5%), while 146 patients achieved successful eradication (52.5%). Bivariate unadjusted associations with treatment failure were identified for female sex, low socioeconomic status, overweight/obesity, smoking, alcohol intake, and a family history of H. pylori infection. Unadjusted failure rates were higher among obese individuals, smokers, and those reporting alcohol use. Conclusion: Almost half of the patients failed first-line therapy, highlighting the need to review current local treatment protocols and address modifiable risk factors.

Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, eradication failure, Oman, risk factors, treatment failure

Please cite as: Al Mutori H., Kassab Y. W., Anwar S., Al Mutori M., Al Hosani A., Yaseen B., Omar A.F., Al Okla S., Al Rudaini M.: Efficacy of first-line Helicobacter pylori eradication therapy and associated determinants: a single-centre study from Oman. Epitheorese Klin. Farmakol. Farmakokinet. xx(xx): xx-xx (2026). DOI: 10.61873/XXXXXXX